Adopting imported components, China's high-end bearings need technical breakthrough
China's hardware bearing casting industry plays a crucial role in the localization of high-end equipment within the country. Guided by the "Twelfth Five-Year Plan," the industry has developed a comprehensive strategy for sustainable growth. With increasing demand from sectors such as rail transit, medical devices, new energy, aerospace, and automotive lightweight technologies, the bearing casting sector has significantly enhanced its technical capabilities.
The industry is not only expanding in traditional markets but also exploring emerging and previously overlooked niches. This diversification has allowed companies to adapt to changing market needs and tap into new opportunities. During the "Twelfth Five-Year Plan" period, the high-speed rail sector experienced rapid development, with major investments driving infrastructure expansion.
In 2011, China allocated 700 billion yuan for railway construction, creating substantial opportunities for manufacturers of high-speed rail equipment. The revised "Medium- and Long-Term Railway Network Plan" introduced in 2008 aimed to build 42 high-speed passenger lines by 2012, covering over 13,000 kilometers. This expansion led to the creation of 800 new demand slots for electric multiple units (EMUs). By 2020, China's high-speed rail network was expected to reach 18,000 kilometers, offering vast potential for the bearing industry.
Looking ahead, the high-speed rail bearing market in China is projected to exceed 2 billion yuan in the next three years. However, despite domestic efforts, the high-end bearing market remains dominated by international players like Sweden’s SKF, Germany’s FAG, and Japan’s NTN. While a few Chinese companies can produce motor-driven bearings capable of handling speeds up to 200 km/h, procurement departments often prefer imported components. This reliance on foreign suppliers highlights the challenges that still exist in achieving full self-reliance in high-end bearing technology.
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