Adopting imported components, China's high-end bearings need technical breakthrough
China's hardware bearing casting industry plays a vital role in the localization of high-end equipment within the country. Guided by the "Twelfth Five-Year Plan," the industry has developed a comprehensive strategy to promote sustainable growth and technological advancement. The demand for bearings is being driven by key sectors such as rail transit, medical equipment, new energy, aerospace, and automotive lightweighting. These industries are not only expanding but also pushing the boundaries of innovation, which in turn is elevating the overall standards of China’s bearing casting sector.
Over the years, the bearing foundry industry has made significant progress, both in traditional markets and in emerging ones. Even previously overlooked marginal markets have now become areas of focus, reflecting the industry’s growing ambition and adaptability. This expansion is fueled by continuous investment in research and development, as well as a strong emphasis on quality control and production efficiency.
During the Twelfth Five-Year Plan period, the high-speed railway sector experienced rapid development. In 2011, the national railway plan allocated 700 billion yuan, creating substantial opportunities for manufacturers of high-speed rail equipment. This investment laid the foundation for an industry that would continue to grow in scale and complexity.
In 2008, the medium- and long-term railway network planning was revised, setting the stage for an ambitious expansion. By 2012, China aimed to build 42 high-speed passenger lines, covering more than 13,000 kilometers. This infrastructure boom led to the creation of 800 new demand for electric multiple units (EMUs). By 2020, the high-speed rail network was expected to reach 18,000 kilometers, offering vast market potential for high-speed rail bearings. In the following three years, the Chinese high-speed rail bearing market was projected to surpass 2 billion yuan, highlighting the sector’s promising future.
However, despite domestic efforts, the high-speed train bearing market remains dominated by international players such as Sweden’s SKF, Germany’s FAG, and Japan’s NTN. These companies have established a strong foothold in the Chinese market. While a few domestic manufacturers can produce motor-driven bearings capable of operating at 200 km/h, procurement departments still tend to favor imported components due to concerns over reliability and performance. As a result, the outlook for high-end bearings in China remains challenging, emphasizing the need for continued innovation and improvement in domestic manufacturing capabilities.
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