Basic properties and application of Portland cement

A. Condensation hardening is fast, and both early and late strength are high. This makes it ideal for high-strength concrete and prestressed concrete projects that require early strength, as well as for winter construction and critical above- and below-ground structures.

B. It offers excellent frost resistance, making it suitable for concrete structures exposed to repeated freeze-thaw cycles in areas where water levels fluctuate, especially in severe cold regions.

C. The hydration process generates a significant amount of heat, so it should not be used for large-volume concrete works. However, it is well-suited for low-temperature seasons or winter construction due to its rapid setting properties.

D. This type of cement has poor resistance to chemical corrosion and is not recommended for use in environments frequently exposed to corrosive substances such as flowing fresh water, sulfate solutions, seawater, or mineral water.

E. It has limited heat resistance and is therefore unsuitable for concrete applications that require high-temperature resistance.

F. It exhibits good carbonation resistance, making it appropriate for environments with high levels of COâ‚‚ in the air, such as foundry workshops or industrial facilities.

G. It performs well in dry conditions, making it suitable for concrete work in arid or low-moisture environments.

H. It has excellent wear resistance, which makes it ideal for use in pavement and flooring applications where durability is essential.

These types of cements include various forms of Portland cement, either pure or blended with other materials. In China, they are classified into five main categories based on the type and proportion of mixed materials used.

1. Pure Portland Cement

2. Ordinary Portland Cement

3. Slag Portland Cement, Pozzolanic Portland Cement, Fly Ash Portland Cement

4. Composite Portland Cement

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