Chemical Composition and Mechanical Properties of Cr12Mo1V1 (D2) Steel
Cr12Mo1V1, also known as D2 steel, is a high-carbon, high-chromium cold work tool steel that is widely used in the mold industry. It is often compared to other tool steels due to its excellent wear resistance, hardness, and dimensional stability. This steel is commonly used for manufacturing cutting tools, punches, and dies that require high strength and durability under heavy loads.
Standard: GB/T 1299-1985
**Features and Applications**
Cr12Mo1V1 (D2) is a domestic equivalent to the U.S. imported D2 steel. Its chemical composition and mechanical properties are similar to those of Cr12MoV steel, making it a suitable alternative in many applications. It is ideal for cold working operations such as stamping, forming, and shearing.
**Chemical Composition**
- Carbon (C): 1.40–1.60%
- Silicon (Si): ≤0.60%
- Manganese (Mn): ≤0.60%
- Sulfur (S): ≤0.030%
- Phosphorus (P): ≤0.030%
- Chromium (Cr): 11.50–13.00%
- Nickel (Ni): Residual content ≤0.25%
- Copper (Cu): Residual content ≤0.30%
- Vanadium (V): ≤1.00%
- Molybdenum (Mo): 0.70–1.20%
**Mechanical Properties**
- Hardness: Annealed ≤255 HB; Quenched ≥59 HRC
- The steel exhibits high hardness after heat treatment, which makes it suitable for applications requiring long service life.
**Heat Treatment Specifications**
- Preheating: 820±15°C
- Heating: 1000±6°C (salt bath) or 1010±6°C (furnace atmosphere)
- Soaking time: 10–20 minutes
- Air cooling after quenching
- Tempering: 200±6°C
**Delivery Condition**
The steel is typically delivered in an annealed condition, which ensures good machinability before final heat treatment.
**Physical Properties**
- Elastic Modulus: 207,000 MPa
- Specific Heat Capacity at Constant Pressure (Cp): 461 J/(kg·K)
**Critical Temperatures**
| Critical Point | Ac1 | Acm | Ar1 | Arcm | Ms |
|----------------|-----|-----|-----|------|----|
| Temperature (°C) | 810 | 875 | 750 | 695 | 190 |
**Linear Expansion Coefficient**
| Temperature Range (°C) | 20–100 | 20–200 | 20–300 | 20–400 |
|-------------------------|--------|--------|--------|--------|
| Expansion Coefficient (×10â»â¶/°C) | 10.5 | 11.5 | 11.9 | 12.2 |
This data helps in understanding the behavior of the material during thermal processes and in designing molds and tools with appropriate tolerances.
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Editor: Hardware Business Network Information Center
Aluminum Single Hung Window
Aluminum single hung window is a relatively new type of window. Here is a detailed introduction about it:
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Advantages:
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