The loading and unloading of the bolt can be performed by simultaneous stretching, and all the bolts can be loaded and stretched, and the stepwise and stepwise stretching can also be adopted. When the bolt is loaded and stretched into two stages, the load distribution is roughly: the first stage loading is 60% to 70% of the total load; the second stage loading is 100% of the total load. When the bolt is loaded and stretched 3 At the stage, the load distribution is roughly: the first stage loading is about 60% of the total load; the second stage loading is 80% of the total load; the third stage loading is 100% of the total load.
When stepwise stretching is adopted, the order of bolt stretching should be arranged symmetrically and reasonably, and the influence of the rear tension bolt on the first stretching bolt should be reduced, and the operation should be simple and convenient.
The bolts shall be measured before and after the bolt is loaded and stretched. The difference between the measured values ​​before and after the stretching is the net elongation of the bolt. Before the measurement, the measuring rod must be placed into the center hole of the bolt a few hours earlier, otherwise the thermal expansion and contraction of the measuring rod will affect the accuracy of the measurement results. And when the bolt is measured twice before and after the bolt is stretched, the dial gauge should be placed in the same orientation of the bolt. When the elongation is out of tolerance, the bolt with excessive elongation should be subjected to another loading and stretching operation until it is qualified.
The large-diameter bolts are stretched and pre-tensioned by hydraulic stretching device, which not only ensures sufficient pre-tightening force, but also precisely controls the pre-tightening force, so that the pre-tightening of the bolts is safe and reliable. Practice has shown that the pre-tightening of the bolt by the hydraulic stretching method can ensure the quality of the bolt connection and the reliability of the container seal, and there is no frictional strain on the contact surface. The hydraulic tension pre-tightening method has been widely used in production practice, and its scientificity and feasibility have been tested in practice.
The registered trademark name, Monel, is applied as the prefix name to several corrosion resistant alloys produced by Special Metals Corporation. These alloys are nickel-based and exhibit traits that include high resistance to atmospheric corrosion, salt water, and various acid and alkaline solutions.
Alloys of identical chemical and mechanical properties are available from other manufacturers and offer excellent alternatives to the various Monel® brand alloys.
The corrosion-resistant alloy is widely used in the marine, oil and chemical processing industries.
Monel Availability
Mega Mex supplies Monel 400, K-500 & R-405. Most of these grades are available in the form of plate, sheet, pipe, tubing, fittings, bar, wire and rod.
What are the Characteristics of Monel ?
Good resistance to acids such as hydrofluoric and sulfuric acid
Highly resistant to alkalis
Malleable
Highly corrosion resistant
Stronger than steel
In what Applications are Monel alloys used ?
Pump shafts, oil-well tools, instruments, doctor blades and scrapers, springs, valve trim, fasteners, marine propeller shafts
Marine components
Chemical and hydrocarbon processing equipment
Valves, pumps, shafts, fittings, heat exchangers
Monel Trivia
Monel was discovered by Robert Crooks Stanley who worked for the International Nickel Company in 1901. The new alloy was named in honor of the president of the company, Ambrose Monell.
*Monel® is a registered trademark of Special Metals Corporation group of Companies.
Monel Pipe,Monel 400 Pipe,Monel Steel Pipe
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