The negative pole refers to the lower end of the potential (potential) in the power supply. In the galvanic cell, it refers to the electrode that acts as an oxidation, and the battery reaction is written on the left side. From a physical point of view, it is a pole of electrons flowing out of the circuit. The negative electrode material refers to a raw material constituting the negative electrode in the battery. Currently, the common negative electrode materials include a carbon negative electrode material, a tin-based negative electrode material, a lithium-containing transition metal nitride negative electrode material, an alloy negative electrode material, and a nano-scale negative electrode material.
Research progress on anode materials for lithium ion batteries
The negative electrode of the lithium ion battery is made by mixing a negative electrode active material carbon material or a non-carbon material, a binder and an additive to form a paste adhesive, which is evenly coated on both sides of the copper foil, and dried and rolled. Whether the lithium ion battery can be successfully fabricated, the key is whether a negative electrode material capable of reversibly deintercalating/deintercalating lithium ions can be prepared.
In general, the choice of a good anode material should follow the following principles: higher specific energy; lower electrode potential than lithium electrode; good reversibility of charge and discharge reaction; good compatibility with electrolyte and binder; small specific surface area (<10m2/g), high true density (>2.0g/cm3); good size and mechanical stability during lithium insertion; abundant resources, low price; stable in air, no toxic side effects. At present, the anode materials that have been practically used for lithium ion batteries are generally carbon materials such as graphite, soft carbon (such as coke, etc.), hard carbon, and the like. The anode materials being explored are nitrides, PAS, tin-based oxides, tin alloys, nano-anode materials, and other intermetallic compounds.