The quality of a system is closely tied to the balance between software and hardware. A well-designed software architecture, combined with appropriate hardware solutions, can fully leverage the system's potential. The key to a reasonable system architecture lies in its ability to meet real-world requirements. Similarly, selecting the right products isn’t just about quality or compliance; it also involves how well they are integrated into the specific environment and the scope of their application. In the judicial industry, what are the product procurement policies? What purchasing experiences do experienced integrators have?
The discussion here primarily focuses on courts, procuratorates, justice bureaus, and detention centers. Therefore, our focus will be on areas such as detention centers, drug rehabilitation centers, prisons, courts, and procuratorates. Other areas won’t be deeply explored for now.
**Level One: Policies and Regulations**
“No rules, no standards!†In fields involving personal safety and high confidentiality, verbal guidelines are far less impactful than legal consequences. However, due to the numerous departments within the judiciary and their differing functions, the focus of technical protection systems varies significantly. Li Wei, a product manager at Tianjin Tiandi Weiye Digital Technology Co., Ltd., explained that detention centers and prisons mainly deal with detainees, requiring surveillance, access control, alarm, perimeter, and emergency command systems. Meanwhile, courts and procuratorates focus more on trials, where synchronized audio and video recording is essential. Each location has unique product selection needs.
**Detention Centers**
Since the "hide and seek" incident in 2009, detention centers have placed greater emphasis on surveillance systems. “See clearly and record accurately†became the basic requirement. In 2010, the Ministry of Public Security issued the “Construction Regulations for the Detention Center Monitoring System,†specifying detailed parameters and layouts for cameras, microphones, storage devices, control equipment, transmission networks, and management software. Gango from Chengdu’s Technical Department emphasized that the illuminance of color rifles should be ≤0.12 Lux, and dome cameras ≤0.3 Lux. Horizontal resolution must exceed 480TVL, and signal-to-noise ratio <50Db. Cameras should use H.264 or MPEG-4 encoding, with important areas reaching 4CIF. Most market products meet these standards, offering ample choice, except for a few day/night conversion models, which need on-site testing for performance.
For cell doors, Gango stressed strict criteria. The GA526-2010 standard outlines technical requirements, mandating bidding and compliance with regulations.
Perimeter grids are also critical. GB25287-2010 replaced previous industry standards, setting clear technical requirements and testing methods.
**Prisons**
Compared to detention centers, prison regulations are less comprehensive. Qiu Liangnan from Guangzhou Skynet noted that while the “Prison Construction Standards†provide general guidance, specific product specifications are still lacking, causing confusion in the market.
**Second Level: Close to Needs**
Despite this, many manufacturers have introduced products tailored for prisons. Zhejiang Dahua customized front-end cameras and back-end intelligent analysis platforms. For example, 700-line infrared riot hemisphere cameras, 3-megapixel HD models, and 1.3-megapixel infrared guns were introduced for different prison zones. High-resolution dome cameras were used for perimeters, and mature 960H DVRs and network hard disk recorders were adopted. Intelligent video analysis applications were also implemented to detect events like crossing lines, entering zones, and detecting objects.
**Procuratorates and Courts**
Technical protection systems for procuratorates and courts are similarly regulated. The Supreme People's Procuratorate issued guidelines in 2008, specifying requirements for audio and video recording systems. Product selection must consider applicability, accuracy, stability, and ease of use.
**Intercom Systems**
Dai Yuanbing from Shenzhen Lebang emphasized the importance of stable digital, networked systems over traditional analog ones. IP network intercom allows for easy data transmission, real-time monitoring, and secure storage.
**Prison Operations**
Prisons require advanced, reliable systems. Liu Xu from Suzhou Keda highlighted the need for accurate alarm systems, high-definition cameras, and stable devices. Maintenance costs must be low, and image quality must remain above D1. Perimeter products must resist false alarms and operate reliably under various conditions.
**Court and Procuratorate Applications**
Courts and procuratorates prioritize system stability and high-definition imaging. Back-end interrogation hosts must ensure data integrity, compatibility, and low power consumption. CD-ROM drives and dual-disc synchronization are also important factors.
**Conclusion**
Users face challenges beyond hardware selection. Many complain about the lack of true integration among subsystems. An integrated platform that links alarms, access control, and business systems is highly desired. On the R&D side, users suggest improvements like energy-saving camera designs—such as integrating microphones and infrared sensors to reduce unnecessary storage. As Xinjiang Wusu Prison’s Tian Yimin proposed, when no activity is detected, the camera can enter standby mode, saving space and extending lifespan.
In short, while manufacturers continue to develop higher-pixel cameras, listening to user feedback is crucial. Details often determine success.
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