Casting applications have a long history. Ancient people used castings for coins, rituals, weapons, tools, and some living utensils. In modern times, castings are mainly used as blanks for machine parts, and some precision castings can also be directly used as parts of machines. Castings account for a large proportion in mechanical products. For example, in tractors, the weight of castings accounts for 50-70% of the weight of the whole machine, 40-70% of agricultural machinery, and 70-90% of machine tools and internal combustion engines. Among all kinds of castings, the most used castings are mechanical, the shape is the most complicated, and the amount is also the largest, accounting for about 60% of the total casting output. Followed by metal ingot molds for metallurgy and engineering pipes.
Castings are also closely related to daily life. For example, door handles, door locks, radiators, water pipes, iron pans, gas hobs, irons, etc., which are often used, are castings.
There are many classification methods for castings: according to the different metal materials used, they are divided into steel castings, cast iron parts, cast copper parts, cast aluminum parts, cast magnesium parts, cast zinc parts, and cast titanium parts. Each type of casting can be further divided into different types according to its chemical composition or metallographic structure. For example, cast iron parts can be divided into gray iron castings, ductile iron castings, vermicular graphite iron castings, malleable iron castings, alloy cast iron fittings, etc.; according to different molding methods, castings can be divided into ordinary sand castings, metal castings, and die castings. , centrifugal castings, continuous castings, investment castings, ceramic castings, electroslag remelting castings, bimetal castings, etc. Among them, ordinary sand castings are the most widely used, accounting for about 80% of all castings. Non-ferrous metal castings such as aluminum, magnesium and zinc are mostly die-casting parts.
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