High-rise fire prevention self-help skills need to master

At 11:10 a . m. on April 21, the outer wall insulation material of the 6th floor of the Yadajie high-rise residential building in Dalian Xinghai Plaza caught fire and smoke thickened on the spot. After the fire department spared no efforts to save, the fire was completely extinguished until 11:42 pm. No casualties were found. After on-site preliminary investigation and investigation, the location of the fire was 6-storey building No. 2, with a total of 34 floors.

Although the fire has been extinguished and no casualties have been caused, the hazards of high-rise fires should draw our attention.

First, the high-rise fire precautions point What is the high-level? There are clear definitions for high-rise buildings and super high-rise buildings in fire safety standards. For residential buildings, such as residential buildings, the number of floors above the tenth or tenth floor belongs to high-rise buildings; public buildings other than residential buildings, if A building with a height of more than 24 meters belongs to a high-rise building; whether it is a residential building or a public building, a building with a height of more than 100 meters is a super high-rise building.

Second, high-rise building construction requirements close to the firewall on both sides of the door, window, hole, the horizontal distance between the nearest edge should not be less than 2.00m; when the horizontal distance is less than 2.00m, should be set fixed B fire doors, windows.

The equipment rooms, ventilation and air-conditioning equipment rooms of the automatic fire extinguishing system in high-rise buildings shall be separated from other parts by partition walls with a fire-resistance limit of not less than 2.00h, floor plates of 1.50h and Class A fire doors. When a metal bearing structure is used in a house, non-burning materials should be used for ceilings, panels, insulation materials, etc. Roof metal load-bearing components should be covered with non-combusting materials or fire-retardant paint, or an automatic sprinkler system should be provided. Deformation seam construction base should use non-combustion materials.

Cables, combustible gas pipelines, and liquid pipelines of categories A, B, and C should not be laid in deformation joints. When it passes through the deformation joint, an incombustible material casing shall be added at the crossing, and non-combustion material shall be used to fill and compact the casing gap. The smoke outlet shall be located on the ceiling or near the wall of the ceiling, and the minimum horizontal distance between adjacent edges of the safety exit along the walkway shall not be less than 1.50m. The smoke outlet located on the ceiling shall be flammable The distance between components or combustibles should not be less than 1.Om. Smoke vents should normally be closed and manual and automatic opening devices should be provided. Smoke exhaust pipes must be made of non-combustible materials. The exhaust pipe installed in the ceiling shall be made of incombustible material and shall maintain a distance of not less than 150mm from the flammable material.

At 11:10 a.m. on April 21, the outer wall insulation material of the 6th floor of the Yadajie high-rise residential building in Dalian Xinghai Plaza caught fire and smoke thickened on the spot. After the fire department spared no efforts to save, the fire was completely extinguished until 11:42 pm. No casualties were found. After on-site preliminary investigation and investigation, the location of the fire was 6-storey building No. 2, with a total of 34 floors.

Although the fire has been extinguished and no casualties have been caused, the hazards of high-rise fires should draw our attention.

Third, the high-rise fire precautions point What is the high-level? There are clear definitions for high-rise buildings and super high-rise buildings in fire protection technology standards. For residential buildings, such as residential buildings, buildings with 10 or more floors are high-rise buildings; public buildings other than residential buildings, if A building with a height of more than 24 meters belongs to a high-rise building; whether it is a residential building or a public building, a building with a height of more than 100 meters is a super high-rise building.

Fourth, the high-rise building construction requirements close to the firewall on both sides of the door, window, hole, the horizontal distance between the nearest edge should not be less than 2.00m; when the horizontal distance is less than 2.00m, should be set fixed B fire doors, windows.

The equipment rooms, ventilation and air-conditioning equipment rooms of the automatic fire extinguishing system in high-rise buildings shall be separated from other parts by partition walls with a fire-resistance limit of not less than 2.00h, floor plates of 1.50h and Class A fire doors. When a metal bearing structure is used in a house, non-burning materials should be used for ceilings, panels, insulation materials, etc. Roof metal load-bearing components should be covered with non-combusting materials or fire-retardant paint, or an automatic sprinkler system should be provided. Deformation seam construction base should use non-combustion materials.

Cables, combustible gas pipelines, and liquid pipelines of categories A, B, and C should not be laid in deformation joints. When it passes through the deformation joint, an incombustible material casing shall be added at the crossing, and non-combustion material shall be used to fill and compact the casing gap. The smoke outlet shall be located on the ceiling or near the wall of the ceiling, and the minimum horizontal distance between adjacent edges of the safety exit along the walkway shall not be less than 1.50m. The smoke outlet located on the ceiling shall be flammable The distance between components or combustibles should not be less than 1.Om. Smoke vents should normally be closed and manual and automatic opening devices should be provided. Smoke exhaust pipes must be made of non-combustible materials. The exhaust pipe installed in the ceiling shall be made of incombustible material and shall maintain a distance of not less than 150mm from the flammable material.

(I) Keep the fire exit field open In a high-rise fire, the staircase leading to the balcony is called a "life channel", so keeping fire exits is often a must. According to the "Fire Protection Law," the high-level platform is a fire platform that can assume the role of a firefighter. It can be used as a helipad for helicopters. Once a fire occurs at a high level, people cannot go downstairs. The rooftop is the best place for evacuation and escape. No unit or individual may occupy, block or close evacuation routes, safety exits, or access to fire trucks. However, there are many high-rise buildings where there are temporary stacking of fire-fighting passages as debris, and high-level platform locking.

Now, in order to further explore and innovate the fire supervision and management methods, some provinces and cities have practically strengthened the supervision of high-risk areas such as densely populated areas, realizing the dynamic supervision of evacuation passages, solving the outstanding problems such as the occupation of fire truck passages, and the removal of fire control rooms. Effectively prevent the occurrence of serious fires, especially group-death and group-injury fires, and actively promote the fire safety "life channel" intelligent monitoring system.

(2) Fire-fighting facilities should not be equipped with fire hydrants or fire extinguishers as necessary fire-fighting facilities for high-rise buildings. However, in some buildings, although these equipments are used, they cannot be used, fire hydrant has no water, and fire extinguishers have not been used for a long time. A series of problems such as the expired inspections and the alarm bell being in a state of disrepair make the fire protection facilities that should have played a role.

Fifth, how to do high-rise escape?

It was found that high-level fires should first be immediately alerted and at the same time quickly organize family and neighbors to escape. Do not venture into the fire to save property. If you hear alarms and loud noises from outside, you must also stay calm, understand the situation, follow the command and escape, and you must not blindly run or jump. To use the fire escape to escape, do not take the elevator. It is necessary to understand the access, evacuation signs and instructions of high-rise buildings. If you live at a high level, even if you have a safe air cushion below, you can't jump blindly. You can choose some things below to remind the firefighters to come to the rescue.

If the fire is too large to escape through fire escapes, the correct approach is to clean the interior of combustible objects, discharge water in large quantities, eliminate the threat of open flames to windows and doors, and then close the doors and windows that communicate with the combustion zone to prevent the entry of smoke and toxic gases. Wait for the fire to go out or rescue the fire department. If you have to run away, you must keep a low profile and cover your mouth and nose with a wet towel.

To avoid the fire, you can usually do some preventive work, equipped with some escape tools, including: whistle, waist axe, smoke mask, light flashlight, including "escape 4 sets", regular escape exercises, familiar with the best escape route Prevent problems before they occur.