Predicting the future development direction of CNC machine tool functional components, “Hunan Jiaen CNC Machine Tool Co., Ltd.†based on the advanced technology of domestic and foreign counterparts, combined with its own experience, designed and developed CK series CNC: instrument lathe, precision lathe, special machine tool and other products. The product features high rigidity, high precision, high efficiency, low noise and beautiful appearance.
The level of CNC machine tool development has played an extremely important role in the functional components of CNC machine tools. CNC machine tool features cover many aspects, including CNC system, tool magazine, CNC tool holder and turntable, five-axis linkage swing head, spindle, electric spindle, ball screw pair and rolling guide pair, high-speed protection. In recent years, the development of functional components of CNC machine tools in China has made great progress. The development of functional components and its specialized production provide machine tool manufacturers with options that are functional, high quality, reliable in operation, structurally standardized and cost-effective. The new product development and manufacturing cycle of machine tools has laid a solid foundation for the development of CNC machine tools.
1, five-axis linkage function
The five-axis linkage machine tool is the main trend of machine tool development. As the key function components of the five-axis linkage machine tool, the swing angle head has been exhibited in this exhibition. Among them, the B/C mechanical pendulum with square ram is exhibited. The main parameters of the corner head are as follows: C-axis maximum feed rate (fast) 3600. /min, C axis maximum output torque 7500Nm, B axis maximum feed speed (fast) 21600/min, B axis maximum output torque 7500Nm, swing angle spindle maximum speed 3000r/min, swing angle head spindle maximum output power 40kW.
Direct drive double pendulum milling head, which is a double pendulum milling head with direct drive technology. It has a specially developed high torque direct drive motor-torque motor to provide higher dynamic performance. Different from the traditional gear transmission or worm gear transmission, the double pendulum milling head does not have any mechanical transmission components, so it has good precision retention. Based on a simple and symmetrical structural design, all components, motors, bearings, and spindles are perfectly combined for greater stability and system rigidity. The elastically deformable hydraulic clamping device allows the rotary shaft to be hydraulically clamped at any machining position for heavy-duty cutting and high-speed cutting. With advanced static sealing and rotary sealing technology, water, oil and gas paths are completely concentrated inside the components, independent of the rotational movement. Closed-loop high-precision encoder and bus-type high-precision drive controller ensure maximum control accuracy and reliability. The main parameters are: rated torque: A-axis 500Nm ~ 1200Nm, C-axis 1500Nm; positioning accuracy: 5", l0"; swing angle range: A-axis ll0 °, C-axis 360 °; spindle rated speed: l000 rpm ~ 2000 rpm The maximum spindle speed: 6000 rpm to 20000 rpm.
2, ball screw and linear guide
Ball screws and linear guides are the most common functional components of CNC machine tools. After years of development, domestic technology has become increasingly mature and has reached or reached the international advanced level. The performance of the ball screw and linear guide as the transmission component of the machine tool largely determines the precision and precision retention of the CNC machine tool. Therefore, the level of manufacturing of the screw and linear guide also affects the development of the entire machine tool manufacturing industry. Level. With the development of CNC machine tools, higher requirements have been placed on the functional components of ball screws, linear guides, etc. High-speed, high-precision and heavy-duty have become the development direction of ball screws and linear guides. This trend can also be seen from this exhibition.
It is understood that the domestic block type high-speed precision ball screw pair speed can reach 36 ~ 60m / min, DN value can reach 150,000. The products exhibited by THK are high-speed heavy-duty ball screw SBKH series, diameter 63mm ~ 120mm, maximum load 406kN, linear guide rail is SRG-L series, using 8 rows of balls, 4 columns up and down, reducing the diameter of the ball, plus The slider length is increased to achieve higher rigidity and smoothness of movement.
3. Protection of machine tools
The machine guard is used to protect the machine. He can protect the surface of the machine tool and internal precision parts such as lead screws and gratings from external corrosion and damage. With the continuous improvement of mechanical equipment, the requirements of the protection system have also increased accordingly. In particular, the use of servo motors has made the speed of processing machinery higher and higher, and the speed requirement for protection has become higher and higher. The rapid moving speed of the Y-axis of the VHl00 high-speed vertical machining center is as high as 120m/min. The original conventional protective measures can no longer meet the needs. Therefore, the novel steel belt fully enclosed protection has been adopted, and good results have been achieved. High speed and reliability are the trends in the development of machine tool protection in the future.
4, linear motor
The traditional "rotary motor + ball screw" feeding method on the machine tool is difficult to achieve breakthrough in the feed rate, acceleration, rapid positioning accuracy, etc. due to its own structure limitation, unable to meet high-speed cutting and ultra-precision. Processing puts higher demands on machine tools. Linear motors convert electrical energy directly into linear motion mechanical energy without the need for any intermediate conversion mechanism transmission. It has the advantages of large starting thrust, high transmission rigidity, high positioning accuracy, fast dynamic response and unlimited stroke length.
Because some mechanical transmission parts (such as lead screws) with large response time constant are eliminated in the system, the response performance of the whole closed-loop control system is greatly improved, and the response is extremely sensitive. The linear drive motor eliminates the gap and error caused by the mechanical mechanism such as the lead screw, and reduces the tracking error caused by the delay of the transmission system during the interpolation motion. Since there is no intermediate transmission link, the motion noise is reduced. Eliminates energy loss during mechanical friction and greatly improves transmission efficiency.
The linear motor produced has a rated thrust of 500~12000N and a maximum speed of 240rn/min. The motor has extremely high precision, and has an efficient cooling system and temperature control protection. It is easy to install and provides excellent functional components for the majority of machine tool manufacturers. Replacing the "rotary motor + ball screw" transmission with a linear motor is bound to become a trend in machine development.
5, new features
According to relevant reports, there are more than 1,500 kinds of functional parts of CNC machine tools in China at present. With the development of machine tool manufacturing, the requirements for machine tool functional components are getting higher and higher, and the functional requirements are becoming more and more perfect. Therefore, new functional components are emerging one after another. .
The XQ-automatic balancing system is a new type of functional component, which is widely used in vertical and horizontal machining centers, vertical lathes, vertical grinding machines, gantry machines and other products. The system uses the principle of accumulator to control the rise and fall of the balance motor and the servo motor of the spindle head, and balance the weight of the spindle head to achieve high speed and high precision machining. It replaces the traditional hydraulic counterweight and counterweight iron form, saves energy without external power equipment, and is an energy-saving and consumption-reducing product strongly advocated by the state. It adapts to high speed and rapid rise or fall, no noise in operation, and improves the disadvantages of weight and oil pressure system. Accuracy and smoothness can be greatly improved during processing, reducing microvibration and extending the life of the lead screw and motor. The system has a balance weight of up to 5500k9 and a maximum volume of 80L. It is easy to install and easy to operate, which can improve work efficiency.
6, summary
High-speed, high-precision, five-axis linkage, and compound machine tools are the main directions for future machine tool development. Machine tool components must be developed around this theme to meet the needs of machine tool manufacturers. It is believed that with the attention and efforts of all parties, the research and development and production of advanced functional components of CNC machine tools will advance toward the goal of revitalizing China's machine tool industry at a more solid pace.