Wireless monitoring instruments are more flexible in field applications
Regardless of the size of the new project, smart wireless technology can significantly save installation costs. If the proportion of wireless project points is 45%, then it will save more than 35% of the cost of engineering, infrastructure and driving. .
In the past two years, innovators in the oil and gas industry have experienced and demonstrated the value of wireless monitoring instruments in remote or hard-to-reach areas where wired equipment is not required. Beared. Regardless of operational performance or cost considerations, wireless solutions have great advantages, are safe and reliable, and can be widely used in upstream operations using traditional wired solutions.
Traditional wiring is still used for continuous control, such as offshore platforms and refineries, as well as safety systems. However, wireless technology has been widely used in existing plant installations and has also been used in new construction projects.
Compared with wired technology, advanced wireless technology has low input cost and small floor space, making it an ideal choice for platform applications. Compared to traditional 4-20 mA wired analog meters, installing wireless nodes can save 30% of the cost, and wireless technology has become a mainstream application in North America.
Anyone familiar with industrial automation knows that from the mid-1990s, people are looking for a technology that can replace the 4-20mA analog standard. Later, ISA developed the Foundation fieldbus technology, which has been widely used in various industrial industries. .
The latest research shows that if the required cable is not more than 250 meters and the number of connection points is less than 500 points, the installation cost of the wireless instrument is lower than the Foundation fieldbus solution. If it is higher than this indicator, the fieldbus solution will save more money than the wireless solution. This means that offshore applications can take advantage of these technologies, using traditional 4-20 mA in safety systems; control using fieldbus; and monitoring and low-frequency control applications using wireless technology. The advantages of wireless include: simplifying engineering and implementation, starting faster and more flexible, even if you change the design later, because it is very simple to install.
Safety is also a factor to consider. Process and operational information can be transmitted wirelessly as needed, and workers do not need to manually read data at high pressures and temperatures.
Emerson's Smart Wireless solution uses self-organizing mesh networking technology to compensate for the shortcomings of older, systems that require a visual path. For example, wireless meters can be arbitrarily distributed in onshore oil fields, and traditional wired instruments for data collection are difficult to implement and lack flexibility. The self-organizing mesh network continuously monitors the data transmission of pressure, temperature, flow and vibration measuring equipment, and automatically finds the best communication path for the signal to reach the gateway. If a temporary obstacle appears to block the communication path, the adjacent wireless meter can be used as The router continues to pass signals. By maintaining signal connectivity in this way, the reliability of data transmission can be over 99%.
This technology is fundamental to the WirelessHART standard, which is recognized by more than 200 members of the HART Communication Foundation representing instrument manufacturers and users. A significant number of field instrumentation, valve and equipment position monitors, vibration data transmitters and smart wireless gateways are available to meet this standard and have been used in the petroleum industry.
Successful project
The BPWytch field in the UK has long been using smart wireless networks, one of the largest offshore operating fields in Europe. In order to improve the efficiency of the staff, and to avoid the daily inspection of the wellhead readings by manual inspection, BP installed 40 Rosemount wireless pressure transmitters, 2 per wellhead. The intelligent wireless gateway is installed separately outside the process area to pass signals from the wireless transmitter to the control system. Any new wireless meter can be operated in just 30 minutes. The wireless meter can continuously monitor the oil well and find abnormal conditions of pressure.
BP's manager ChrisGeen said: "The Wytch field is an important pilot project for BP to demonstrate the adequacy of self-organizing wireless networks. With the successful application of this project, BP is also preparing to apply smart wireless solutions to similar offshore platforms. in."
StatoilHydro also uses a smart wireless network on its Grane oil platform to remotely monitor wellheads and heat exchangers in remote areas of the North Coast. Some obstacles block the visual communication path, but this is not a problem for self-organizing wireless networks.
In this case, 22 wireless pressure transmitters were installed at the wellhead to measure the annulus pressure, and another 12 meters monitored the inlet pressure and the pressure drop of the heat exchanger. Each transmitter transmits data to the control room operator station via a wireless gateway.
In the use of wireless meters, signal strength and consistency are excellent, data reliability and stability reach 100%, greatly reducing the workload of manually reading meter data. It also reduces the opportunity for workers to be exposed to hazardous locations. GeirLeon Vadheim, head of instrumentation at the oil platform, said: "We are very satisfied with the performance of the smart wireless network. After a brief training, our instrument engineers can easily anywhere, as needed. Install a new wireless device."
Venezuelan National Oil Company invested millions of dollars to renovate the automation equipment at the Morichal plant, including the installation of a wireless network to monitor 180 wells. The wireless ad hoc network uses more than 600 wireless transmitters. The wireless solution not only saves cost, but also provides reliable pressure and temperature measurement data. If the wired solution has grounding problems, the electronically driven equipment installed at the wellhead will generate harmonics that affect the accuracy of the wired instrument.
Research on wireless solutions in new projects
Recent studies have shown that whether in smart or small-scale new projects, when smart wireless technology accounts for 25% to 45% of the entire project I/O, the advantage is most significant. In addition, wireless technology increases the flexibility of project design, and because it is simple to implement and install, it can also shorten the construction period. The research results show that the best implementation of the new project is a combination of wired HART, fieldbus and wireless communication.
The wireless solution is used to build a new offshore manual platform. According to a survey conducted by Emerson on a 4000I/O offshore platform, wireless technology can be widely used in process applications, not just those where it is not possible to use a wired solution or implement a wired solution.
Comparing the various combinations of wired HART, fieldbus and wireless devices in terms of project installation costs, we found that the wireless solution is the most cost-effective compared to other communication technologies. In the above-mentioned oil platform research, about 17% of the signals were transmitted effectively through wireless devices. The installation of wireless networks in the process control system saved 7% ($1 million) in installation costs, and in addition, 800 were reduced. Wired contacts reduce the weight of 35 tons and reduce the space occupied by the deck by 129 cubic meters due to the reduction of cables, trunking, junction boxes and cabinets.
Based on the length of the wiring of the conventional cable solution, we find that wireless meters can save money regardless of the distance, and the longer the distance, the more savings. Based on this, the research team produced a cost calculator to measure the project cost savings achieved by the wireless solution.
Wireless technology is used to build new process plants. An independent consulting company conducted a survey of the chemical process plant and came to the conclusion that any new project, regardless of size, can significantly save installation costs by using smart wireless technology. If the proportion of wireless project points is 45%, Then it costs more than 35% on engineering, infrastructure and driving than wired solutions.
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