Three-in-one fire prevention and control measures

First, what is a three-in-one place

Since the reform and opening up, with the rapid development of the individual and private economy and the continued prosperity of the market economy, a considerable number of places in the more developed economy of our country have seen places for personnel accommodation and processing, production, warehousing and operations in the same building. Mix settings. Such a place is called a "triple play" place.

Most of these are mostly combustibles, and there are no strict fire prevention partitions in places of accommodation and processing, production, warehousing, and operation. Fire-fighting facilities are not perfect, and people have weak awareness of fire safety. In the event of a fire, they can easily cause death and injury to people. The lives and property of the people have caused considerable damage.

Article 15 of the "Fire Protection Law of the People's Republic of China" clearly stipulates: "In a building with a workshop or warehouse, no collective dormitory for employees shall be provided. In a building with a workshop or warehouse, employees' collective dormitory has been set up. It shall be resolved within a certain period of time. For those who have difficulties temporarily, they shall take necessary fire safety measures and, after being approved by public security fire control agencies, they may continue to use them."

Special serious fire accident caused by two or three places

Due to factors such as industrial structure, the fire problems caused by the private economy are very prominent, and the potential fire hazards are serious. Among them, triple play is most dangerous. Historically, there have been many fires in three places in the country:

1. Sofa cushion and workshop fire in Xiaobanqiao Town, Kunming City

2. Gu Rao town underwear and workshop fire in Shantou City

3. Shuanglu Garment Factory Fire in Sujiatun District, Shenyang City

4 , Huzhou City Zhili Town Garment Factory Fire

5. Feida shoe upper plus workshop fire in Beipu Street, Panshi Town, Xiuyu District, Putian City

The occurrence of these vicious fire accidents has had a great impact on the local society and economy. In order to do a good job in the fire safety work of the three-in-one place, the editors of China Rescue Equipment Network have combined the work practices of recent years to try to analyze the main problems and causes of the three-in-one place and put forward several suggestions on fire prevention and control of three-in-one places. Point measures.

Three, three-in-one place main fire safety problems

1. The issue of safety evacuation is very prominent. The vast majority of three-in-one places have only one safety exit, and the installation of roller shutter doors and anti-theft iron fences at exits is more common. Accommodation places and production, management and storage sites cannot be separated on safety evacuation, or accommodation personnel must go through production, management, and storage places before being evacuated to the outside. This makes it difficult to escape if there is a fire outside the accommodation.

2, management, storage and accommodation place no fire separation, construction and decoration materials resistant to low fire rating. According to previous fire accident investigations, most of the three-in-one places were not separated by fire in their operations, storage, and accommodation, and could easily spread after the fire broke out. In addition, the use of flammable materials to separate ceilings in three-in-one places, and even lodging in simple lofts and wooden sandwiches, often occurs, and the fire safety problem is very serious.

3. The occupants are complex, and vulnerable groups are numerous and prone to arson. The three-in-one venue is mainly staff quarters with family accommodation and outsiders. Dwellings are complex and conflicts between personnel occur from time to time. The probability of arson is higher than that of general construction fires.

4. The fire safety awareness of the owners, residents, and employees is weak, and there is a lack of fire protection facilities and equipment at the site. Due to deviations in the understanding of the owners, the direct result is their lack of firefighting knowledge and skills. The main manifestations are that the owners and employees are not aware of the firefighting work, the fire safety awareness is poor, and there is a fluke to the fire, considering that the construction area is small and the building is once In the event of a fire, they have the ability to detect and control them in a timely manner. Therefore, there is a lack of initiative in the provision of necessary fire-fighting facilities and equipment, not to mention the basic knowledge of fire prevention; accommodation personnel often lack proper escape knowledge and are often used after a fire. The wrong way to escape directly leads to serious fire deaths.

5 , chaos fire safety management. The lack of strict and uniform management of the centralized settlement of most of the idled houses, the accumulation of flammable and combustible materials in the safety evacuation passages, and the fact that safety exits are locked or blocked are common, and this is also an important factor causing casualties.

Reasons for the occurrence of four- and three-in-one places

1 Three-in-one place is a special product in a specific period of economic and social development. Individual private enterprises were unable to build or rent independent standard workshops that met the requirements of the state's fire-fighting technical specifications during the initial period of development of original capital accumulation, and it was even less likely to solve the problem of accommodation for employees, resulting in the emergence of three-in-one venues. Today, these companies have become the economic backbone of some places.

2 The related functional departments lack coordination and lax approval. At present, some functional departments do not pay enough attention to fire safety when approving and issuing certificates, and in some cases do not have the conditions for fire safety at all, they still grant approvals and allow them to operate and produce. The relevant functional departments lack effective coordination and issue certificates. At the same time, it failed to turn a good source, resulting in the legal existence of some three-in-one places. In addition, in the daily supervision and management, some functional departments have unclear responsibilities for themselves, have not effectively strengthened management, and have not adequately investigated and dealt with, given some illegal ones. One place left a living space.

3 The number of migrant workers has increased dramatically, and the supply of rental housing is in short supply. The adjustment of industrial structure, the sharp increase in the number of foreign workers, the limited rental housing, and the housing rent have directly led to industrial triple play and commercial triple play. The rapid development of the processing industry and service industry has caused the number of migrant workers to increase year by year. Under the circumstance that the accommodation of migrant workers is not mandatory, this type of three-in-one construction has existed for a long time.

4 Some owners and social workers have weak fire safety awareness. Due to the fact that some owners have weak legal concepts, weak awareness of fire safety, skepticism, and blind pursuit of economic benefits, at the same time, social workers do not fully recognize the hazards of three-in-one sites, resulting in some sites in the early use of the three-in-one status.

Five, three in one place fire prevention and control countermeasures

The prevention and control of fire in a three-in-one place must be under the unified leadership of the government, and departments should be able to cooperate with each other, perform their duties, rely on mechanisms, and strengthen cooperation in order to achieve complete cure.

Governments at all levels should strengthen leadership, establish linkage mechanisms for functional departments, and earnestly examine and approve good sources.

The various functional departments of the government must proceed from the height of social security and stability, correctly handle the relationship between the interests of the departments and the interests of the country and the people. They must cooperate closely with each other to jointly check and form a joint rectification force, and they must not be independent of one another.

This article was edited and reorganized by China Rescue Equipment Network. Please indicate the link.