How to improve pesticide utilization

In order to improve the utilization rate of pesticides, it is necessary to improve the quality of manual application machinery, change the single status of spray parts, and promote the replacement of manual sprayers. Sprayers are the decisive factor of atomization quality and directly affect the deposition distribution of pesticides on crops. The distribution density of droplets is an important factor related to the control effect. For the same amount of liquid, if the droplet size is reduced by half, the number of droplets obtained can be increased by 8 times. Shandong Weishi Plant Protection Machinery Co., Ltd., which was established by the National Agricultural Technology Center, has developed and produced the “Guardian” brand WS-16 knapsack manual sprayer, which has won the national key new product certificate and 4 invention patents, and has been the first to obtain “3C”. Certification has become an ideal replacement for hand sprayers in China.
The implementation of low-volume application technology to reduce the current acre of pesticide liquid can increase the number of pesticide droplets attached to the surface of the crop. When the spray volume exceeds a certain limit, the fine droplets on the leaf will condense into large droplets. Rolling off and losing, on the contrary, the amount of pesticide attached to the blade is drastically reduced. The amount of application liquid in developed countries is generally controlled in the range of 100-300 liters per hectare, less than 1/3 of the amount of application liquid per unit area in China, so the amount of loss is extremely small, and the utilization rate of pesticides is high.
Extensively carry out the training of pesticide application technology, let the farmers master the scientific application method. The manual atomizer adopts the liquid atomization method. After the high-pressure liquid passes through the narrow orifice, it must pass the distance of 30 cm or more to completely atomize, so When spraying pesticides, the distance between the nozzle and the crop must be kept at least 30 cm to avoid spraying the nozzle close to the surface of the crop. When spraying with a conical mist nozzle, the “Z”-shaped cross-spraying habits on both sides of the left and right directions should be changed, and the “Z”-shaped spray on the one side of the wind should be adopted to ensure that the area where the application personnel are located is a drug-free area. At the same time, the fan-type mist nozzle should be used instead of the conical mist nozzle, and the one-side parallel propulsion method should be adopted to improve the uniformity of pesticide distribution. The motorized sprayer adopts a pneumatic atomization method. The farther away from the nozzle, the finer the droplets are, and the general horizontal spray width is more than 8 meters. When spraying pesticides, it is necessary to make full use of its effective spray width, adopt floating spray superposition method to spray, improve work efficiency and control effect, and avoid targeted spray. During the operation, the principle of the direction of the nozzle (spraying direction), the path of the machine (traveling) and the order of the field operation (starting direction) should be determined according to the wind direction, so that the direction of the spray should be as consistent as possible with the wind direction. Vertical, if there is a skew, the operator can adapt the body slightly obliquely, and can not work in the wind. Start work from the downwind to ensure that the work area is a pesticide-free area. The height and angle of the nozzle should be flexibly controlled according to the target of the control and the different growth stages of the crop and the occurrence of the pests and diseases. At present, the spray methods commonly used by the majority of farmers to cross the left and right direction will reduce the spray width and form turbulent flow, resulting in uneven distribution of the droplets, and the entire working environment will be filled with pesticides, which will easily cause poisoning of the people. It should be changed and avoided as soon as possible.

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