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Reasonable selection of gear data

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Gears are the most widely used mechanical transmission parts in modern machinery. Gear transmissions mesh with each other to transmit motion and power between the two axes; and can change the way and speed of movement. Gear transmission is widely used; More stable; higher power; long service life. In the process of depicting and manufacturing mechanical parts; not only the function of thinking about materials can be used to the working conditions of parts; making parts durable; and the demand data has better processing technology. And economy; in order to improve the yield of parts; reduce the cost; cut the cost. If the gear data is not properly selected, it will show the premature damage of the parts; even failure. Therefore, how to reasonably select and use metal materials is very important. Homework.
The mechanical function of the mechanical function data of the satisfactory data includes strength, hardness, plasticity and resistance; it reflects the characteristics exhibited by the data during the operation. The gear has a touch stress at the tooth surface touch when meshing; the root has the maximum tortuous stress; It can cause tooth surface or tooth strength failure. The tooth surface has relative sliding; the wear will occur. The primary failure modes of the gear are tooth surface pitting, tooth surface gluing, tooth surface plastic deformation and tooth breaking. The gear data has high tortuous fatigue strength and touch fatigue strength; the tooth surface should have satisfactory hardness and wear resistance; the core must have certain strength and durability.
For example, when determining the hardness of the large and small gears, the hardness of the tooth surface of the pinion should be 30-50HBS higher than that of the large gear; this is because the pinion is loaded more times than the large gear;慷鹊陀诖蟪萋. In order to make the gears of the two gears close to the same strength; the tooth surface of the pinion gear is harder than the tooth surface of the large gear.
On the other hand, according to the function of the data, the data function is determined. The mechanical function or data hardness of the data should be clear; then we can reach the required hardness scale through different heat treatment processes; then give different information to the mechanical function. If the data is 40Cr alloy steel gear; when 840-860 °C oil quenching; 540-620 °C tempering; quenching hardness can reach 28-32HRC; can improve the arrangement, progress inductive mechanical function, when 860-880 °C oil Quenching; 240 280 ° C tempering; hardness up to 46-51HRC; steel appearance of good wear resistance; core resistance; deformation. Bad 500-560 ° C nitriding treatment; nitride layer 0. 15-0. 6mm; hardness up to 52-54HRC; steel has high surface hardness, high wear resistance, high fatigue strength; high corrosion resistance and anti-adhesive function and deformation extreme. Bad 蓖 缍 缍 虮砻 虮砻婧 鸹锖螅 鸹锖螅 鸹锖螅 蚩 蚩 蚩 蚩 蚩 蚩 蚩 ぷ鞅砻婺Σ ぷ鞅砻婺Σ ぷ鞅砻婺Σ ぷ鞅砻婺Σ ぷ鞅砻婺Σ ぷ鞅砻婺Σ ぷ鞅砻婺Σ
The technical function of the process function data of the satisfactory data refers to the ability of the data itself to be accustomed to the needs of various processing processes. The production of the gears must be processed by casting, cutting and heat treatment; therefore, the material processing functions should be selected when selecting materials. Pay attention to. Generally speaking, the carbon steel casting, cutting and other process functions are better; its mechanical function can satisfy the requirements of normal working conditions. However, the strength is not high enough; the hardenability is poor. The alloy steel has good hardenability and strength. High; but the casting and cutting functions are poor. We can improve the process function of the data by changing the process rules and heat treatment methods.
For example, the gear in the automobile gearbox selects 20CrMnTi steel; the steel has high mechanical function; after carburizing and quenching low temperature tempering; the surface hardness is 58-62HRC; the core hardness is 30-45HRC.20CrMnTi After casting, normalizing to improve its machinability. In addition, 20 CrMnTi also has good hardenability; because of the influence of alloying element titanium; it is not sensitive to overheating; therefore, it can be directly cooled and quenched after carburizing. The carbon speed is faster; the transition layer is more uniform; the deformation after carburizing and quenching is small. It is suitable for making important parts that accept high-speed medium load and impact and conflict; therefore, it is more suitable to select 20CrMnTi steel according to the working conditions of the gear.
The economical demand for information The so-called economics refers to the minimum cost to obtain the maximum economic benefits. Under the premise of satisfactory use of functions; the selection of gear data should also focus on reducing the total cost of parts. We can think from the following aspects:
Think about the price of the data itself. The price of carbon steel and cast iron is relatively low price; therefore, carbon steel and cast iron are selected under the premise of satisfying the mechanical function of the parts; not only have better processing technology functions; but also can reduce the cost. From metal Resources and supply situation; should be able to reduce the amount of data imports and the use of expensive data.
Considering the cost of the gear production process. First of all; the choice of different heat treatment methods is different from the processing cost; for example, the cost of carburizing external surface quenching of 12CrNi3A steel is much less than that of nitriding treatment; and carbonitriding It also has the characteristics of short production cycle and low cost. Secondly, it can reduce the cost after improving the heat treatment process. For example, when a gear is operated at high speed, medium load and moderate impact; the original alloy high-grade carburized steel 18cr2Ni4WA data is selected. It is carburized at 910-940 °C; quenched at 850 °C; tensile strength of mechanical function after tempering at 180-200 °C ≥1177Mpa, yield strength ≥834Mpa, elongation ≥10%, section shortening rate ≥45%; impact resistance ≥ 980kJ / m2; hardness is 58-62HRC. Although it can be satisfied with the function and process function of the gear; but the price of the parts is high. Now choose the low-carbon medium alloy, medium-hardenable carburizing steel 20CrMnTi which is relatively cheap. -940 °C carburizing; 870 °C quenching; 180-200 °C tempering mechanical function tensile strength ≥ 1100Mpa, yield strength ≥ 850Mpa, elongation ≥ 10%, section shortening rate ≥ 45%; impact resistance ≥ 680; The degree is 58-62HRC. This is only one improvement; the data cost is not only greatly reduced; and it is satisfied with its functional and technological functions. Third; the selected steel grades should be gathered as little as possible; in order to acquire and handle. Follow the gear shape , scales and data are moving in a variety of categories, multiple series and individualization; especially in the types and hours of production; in the production process of gear casting, machining and heat treatment; there is a large amount of drawing; long production cycle, Low power, high cost, high energy consumption, difficult handling and difficult to ensure the quality of the helium; therefore, the selection, optimization and tightening of the trademarks and standards in the selection of gears are conducive to the improvement of the generalization, serialization and standardization of the selection of materials; Utilization; progress in the acquisition of data; planning to reduce inventory backlogs, accelerate capital activities; facilitate storage and storage, and reduce the cost of data. Ultimately; we can also improve the process to improve economic efficiency. For example, die forgings Forging process has broken the demand of traditional technology; when supplying forming blank; can use less cutting process; die forging and mechanical precision Processing is associated; some or all of the alternative machining directly produces parts; or the selection of skills and processes in production; can also improve product quality, production power and cost.
Concluding remarks; when selecting gear data, it is necessary to know the way of industrial development in China; to contact China's resources and production conditions; to proceed from reality; all to consider the problems of mechanical functions, process functions and economics; Ensure the quality of the gears, reduce the cost of the product; and then improve the market competitiveness.

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