Machine insertion of early rice fertilization is stressful

In recent years, with the continuous improvement of the degree of mechanization, the area of ​​rice transplanting in early rice has been expanding year by year. Due to the long seedling period of machine-planting rice, the root weight of mechanical transplanting and planting is relatively slow, and the occurrence of new roots is slower than that of early rice. Therefore, in fertilization There are some differences.

Fertilizer operation. Compared with conventional hand-planted early rice, the rice seedlings are small and the tillering period is long. The nitrogen uptake in the early stage is small and the nitrogen uptake in the middle stage is large. In the cultivation, the “pre-nitrogen transfer” should be used to reduce the nitrogen application rate in the base fertilizer. It generally accounts for 30% of the total nitrogen application. The high-yield cultivation of rice is required to apply 18-20 kg of pure nitrogen per mu, and the ratio of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium is 1:0.5:0.6. The ratio of nitrogen application of base fertilizer, tiller and panicle fertilizer is generally 3:3.5:3.5. . Phosphate fertilizer is applied in total; potassium fertilizer is applied and the fertilizer is used in half. Two applications of tillering fertilizer are beneficial to promote early and stable hair tillage. After the machine is inserted 6~7 days, the dosage is 40% of the fertilizer. It can be combined with chemical weeding to apply urea about 5 kg per mu, and the remaining tiller is applied 15 days after planting.

The tillering of rice transplanted rice is low, and the tillering period is long. In order to control the number of panicles in the appropriate range, the application of the rice is to improve the application time of the tiller fertilizer, so as to adjust and utilize the most suitable tiller node and control medium. The group, and increase the application of panicle fertilizer, promote the differentiation of spikelets and fight for the big ear.

The root of the rice is inserted, and the new roots inserted into the field are slow. If the base fertilizer is too much to be used, if the early rice grows in the early low temperature and rainy weather, it is easy to cause fat and dead seedlings; it will also be watered and drained after transplanting. Frequent, causing serious loss of fertilizer and reducing the utilization of fertilizer. Therefore, a reasonable application method is generally applied to the second heart leaf 7 days after the machine insertion, and the first time is applied to the green fertilizer, and combined with the seedling herbicide for chemical weeding. After 12 to 14 days after the machine is inserted, the fertilizer will be applied again. After 18 days of planting, the seedlings can be applied once again. Generally, after the effective tillering age, it is better to retreat in time. Avoid too much, too late application of tiller, otherwise it will lead to the population is too large, affecting the formation of panicles and the formation of large ears.

The ear fertilizer can be appropriately increased or decreased according to the seedling condition, and the lack of fertilizer field should be applied early. Appropriate application is conducive to consolidating the number of panicles and striving for large ears, but it is necessary to prevent excessive growth of leaf area to form a reasonable canopy structure, which is conducive to increasing the seed setting rate and 1000-grain weight. The machine is inserted into the early rice to apply panicle fertilizer, which is generally divided into two applications: flower fertilizer and flower fertilizer. The machine inserts rice to promote flower fertilizer, and its role is to promote the differentiation of spike branches and spikelets. Increase the number of spikelets per panicle. Generally, it is applied at the beginning of ear differentiation, that is, when the leaf age is about 13.5, and can be combined with specific seedlings, that is, the leaves are normally faded, and can be applied with 7.5~10 kg of urea per acre; if the leaf color is deep, it will not fade. Light, can delay and reduce the application rate; if the leaf color is lighter, the flower fertilizer can be applied 3 to 5 days in advance, and the dosage is appropriately increased; if the leaf color is always deep, it may not be applied. The flower-preserving fertilizer is generally applied 18 to 20 days before the earing, and the specific period can be determined by field observation, that is, the leaf age of more than 10 single stems in Lintian. When the remaining number of effective stems and leaves of 50% does not exceed 1.2 leaves, it is suitable for the application of flower-preserving fertilizer. Generally, the dosage per acre is about 7.5 kg of urea, which can be applied to shallow leaves and small population growth, but The urea per mu should not exceed 10 kg; if the leaves are dark or dark green, it should be applied less or not.

(Cao Dihuan, Rural Office of Qijiang City, Hunan Province)

Farmers Daily

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