At 5 o'clock in the evening, in the Daye Economic Development Zone of Huangshi City, many workers gathered at the entrance of many factories, and most of them waited for the shuttle bus into the city. It was not black, and the park quickly cleared down.
Although the economic situation is not good, many projects have not started in time, but the situation of the lack of general workers has not been alleviated.
"We have been recruiting people all the time, and there are still few people on the production line. There are not many young people left, and many factories are lacking." The female accountant of Huakun Packaging Materials Co., Ltd. of Daye City, Hubei Province, said with emotion. In addition, the cost of labor is also increasing. The head of a large aluminum processing company in the local area told reporters that now, in addition to processing capital to buy insurance, employees are also given milk to protect people.
The reporter learned from the human and social departments of Hubei Enshi and other places that the labor force has a limited return from the coastal areas to the interior, and the “labor shortage†of local industrial parks still exists. Since the first half of this year, although China's economic growth rate has continued to decline, the reaction of the central labor market has been basically stable, and the “labor shortage†in the basic labor market is widespread.
Shi Zhilei, deputy secretary-general of the Hubei Provincial Population Association, who participated in the multi-site investigation, told this reporter that the impact of the economic downturn on employment in the central and western regions is not obvious. In the context of industrial transfer in the southeast coast, the central and western regions, which have always been considered to have abundant labor, are laborers. Missing or will become a bottleneck in the economic gradient transfer.
Central Industrial Park grabs "general work"
At a regular general employment recruitment meeting on the Naji Talent Market in Wuhan on Tuesday, the state-owned China South Locomotive received about 20 registration forms in the morning, which is considered to be a good harvest in the audience. However, because the company requires workers to be able to operate gas-shielded welding, there is not much left. The staff estimated that it would take at least a month or two for the 100 welders urgently needed by the company.
I spent a few hundred yuan on the admission fee. Only two people came to register in the morning. Zhao, a manager of a production company in Wuhan, said that it was a loss-making business. Their company’s normal production requires 80 general workers. The number of people currently employed is only half.
In fact, in the central part of the industrial park where the industrial park has blossomed in recent years, the recruitment of large industrial parks is not so smooth.
According to the market supply and demand data of the public employment service institutions of some cities in the second quarter of 2013 of the China Human Resources Market Information Monitoring Center, the ratio of job vacancies to job seekers in the eastern, central and western markets was 1.04, 1.09 and 1.13, respectively. obvious.
A director of the Enshi Human Resources Department in Hubei told reporters that it is really difficult for local park enterprises to recruit satisfactory workers. On the one hand, local industrial parks are rapidly emerging, and investment is hot. Most of them are labor-intensive enterprises. At the same time, There is a gap between the wages of factories in the western region and the coastal areas. In addition, young people under the age of 30 are full of yearning for unknowns and are reluctant to choose to stay in the country. For example, he said that Enshi has a solar energy company with five production lines. At present, it can only open three, and there is no general work.
Even in the provincial capital of Wuhan, the “general worker shortage†has always existed. According to a report by local media in Wuhan in August this year, “Wuhan Foxconn Park has always had a shortage of labor, with a gap of nearly 10,000.†The Hubei Public Employment Service Center told the media that the current gap in the province’s general employment is large, and in the next few years, The situation of the lack of general workers in the province will continue.
Increased labor costs
In response to this phenomenon, Shi Zhilei, deputy secretary-general of the Hubei Population Institute, believes that China's current economic slowdown is not a market recession, mainly because the state's investment is less stimulating to the economy, and the impact on the existing structure of the labor market is less obvious. The impact is greater than the Midwest.
At the same time as the “labor shortage†of enterprises, there is also the “most difficult employment season in history†for university graduates who have been hailed by the media this year. The mismatch of employment structure is very serious, and the slowdown in economic growth is further highlighted.
The shift from a surplus labor force to a surplus will further push the price of labor. At a regular weekend job fair in Wuhan Najie Talent Market, a graphite processing company in Hubei generally increased the salary on the recruitment profile by 500-1000 yuan. After the transformation, the graphite workers can get 3000-5000 per month. treatment. At the job fair, enterprises have a large demand for technical and technical talents in machinery and processing. Most of them provide free accommodation, and the monthly salary is about 2,500 yuan.
Starting from September 1 this year, Hubei Province adjusted the province's minimum wage standard, from the original 1,100 yuan, 900 yuan, 750 yuan to 1,300 yuan, 1020 yuan, 900 yuan. From January to July 2013, 18 provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities across the country raised the minimum wage standard.
In the view of Yang Weiguo, a professor at the School of Economics and Management of Wuhan University, the “labor shortage†that has emerged in recent years will exist in the short term, but most of the ordinary work in the long run can be replaced by intelligent machinery. Wu Chuanqing, a regional economist at Wuhan University, said that many industrial parks in Wuhan are currently lacking people, and wages have not met the expectations of job seekers. This is one of the most direct reasons, and labor costs may be further improved.
According to reports, Foxconn has been developing automation technology since 2006 to cope with the difficulty of recruiting workers and increasing labor costs.
How to break through the transfer of the Midwest?
With the adjustment of China's economic structure, the manufacturing industry has begun to shift to the central and western regions.
Migrant workers who currently work in the Mainland and in their hometowns have taken a dominant position. Since 2008 and 2009, about 15% of migrant workers have returned to their hometowns for employment.
Leading manufacturers such as Foxconn and Haier Group have gradually shifted to the central part. This group of migrant workers who have returned to their hometowns from the southeast coast have just met the changes in China's industrial transfer. Their coastal work experience naturally became their employment chip. At the same time, according to the industrial gradient transfer, a large number of labor-intensive industries have been transferred to the Mainland, how has the mainland, which has always been known for its labor affluence, maintain its superiority?
How to attract talents and retain talents has become an important task for the central and western regions to undertake industrial transfer.
"The abundant human resources is an important advantage for the central region to undertake the transfer of eastern industries. The government should work hard to build an employment information platform and improve social security." Shi Zhilei told reporters that with his experience in Wenzhou and other places, many It is difficult for migrant workers from Hunan and Hubei provinces to obtain information on recruitment in the Mainland, and to return to rural migrant workers for employment, or to introduce traditional villagers. "In addition, local governments must establish a good security system and generally decide to return to migrant workers, which values ​​the stability and long-term security of employment," he added.
Check Valves
A ball check valve is a check valve in which the closing member, the movable part to block the flow, is a spherical ball. In some ball check Valves, the ball is spring-loaded to help keep it shut. For those designs without a spring, reverse flow is required to move the ball toward the seat and create a seal. The interior surface of the main seats of ball check valves are more or less conically-tapered to guide the ball into the seat and form a positive seal when stopping reverse flow.
Ball check valves are often very small, simple, and cheap. They are commonly used in liquid or gel minipump dispenser spigots, spray devices, some rubber bulbs for pumping air, etc., manual air pumps and some other pumps, and refillable dispensing syringes. Although the balls are most often made of metal, they can be made of other materials, or in some specialized cases out of artificial ruby. High pressure HPLC pumps and similar applications commonly use small inlet and outlet ball check valves with both balls and seats made of artificial ruby, for both hardness and chemical resistance. After prolonged use, such check valves can eventually wear out or the seat can develop a crack, requiring replacement. Therefore, such valves are made to be replaceable, sometimes placed in a small plastic body tightly-fitted inside a metal fitting which can withstand high pressure and which is screwed into the pump head.
There are similar check valves where the disc is not a ball, but some other shape, such as a poppet energized by a spring. Ball check valves should not be confused with Ball Valves, which is a different type of valve in which a ball acts as a controllable rotor to stop or direct flow.
A diaphragm check valve uses a flexing rubber diaphragm positioned to create a normally-closed valve. Pressure on the upstream side must be greater than the pressure on the downstream side by a certain amount, known as the pressure differential, for the check valve to open allowing flow. Once positive pressure stops, the diaphragm automatically flexes back to its original closed position.
A swing check valve or tilting disc check valve is check valve in which the disc, the movable part to block the flow, swings on a hinge or trunnion, either onto the seat to block reverse flow or off the seat to allow forward flow. The seat opening cross-section may be perpendicular to the centerline between the two ports or at an angle. Although swing check valves can come in various sizes, large check valves are often swing check valves. The flapper valve in a flush-toilet mechanism is an example of this type of valve. Tank pressure holding it closed is overcome by manual lift of the flapper. It then remains open until the tank Drains and the flapper falls due to gravity. Another variation of this mechanism is the clapper valve, used in applications such firefighting and fire life safety systems. A hinged gate only remains open in the inflowing direction. The clapper valve often also has a spring that keeps the gate shut when there is no forward pressure. Another example is the backwater valve (for sanitary drainage system) that protects against flooding caused by return flow of sewage waters. Such risk occurs most often in sanitary drainage systems connected to combined sewerage systems and in rainwater drainage systems. It may be caused by intense rainfall, thaw or flood.
A stop-check valve is a check valve with override control to stop flow regardless of flow direction or pressure. In addition to closing in response to backflow or insufficient forward pressure (normal check-valve behavior), it can also be deliberately shut by an external mechanism, thereby preventing any flow regardless of forward pressure.
A lift-check valve is a check valve in which the disc, sometimes called a lift, can be lifted up off its seat by higher pressure of inlet or upstream fluid to allow flow to the outlet or downstream side. A guide keeps motion of the disc on a vertical line, so the valve can later reseat properly. When the pressure is no longer higher, gravity or higher downstream pressure will cause the disc to lower onto its seat, shutting the valve to stop reverse flow.
An in-line check valve is a check valve similar to the lift check valve. However, this valve generally has a spring that will 'lift' when there is pressure on the upstream side of the valve. The pressure needed on the upstream side of the valve to overcome the spring tension is called the 'cracking pressure'. When the pressure going through the valve goes below the cracking pressure, the spring will close the valve to prevent back-flow in the process.
A duckbill valve is a check valve in which flow proceeds through a soft tube that protrudes into the downstream side. Back-pressure collapses this tube, cutting off flow.
A pneumatic non-return valve.
Multiple check valves can be connected in series. For example, a double check valve is often used as a backflow prevention device to keep potentially contaminated water from siphoning back into municipal water supply lines. There are also double ball check valves in which there are two ball/seat combinations sequentially in the same body to ensure positive leak-tight shutoff when blocking reverse flow; and piston check valves, wafer check valves, and ball-and-cone check valves.
Check Valves, Water Check Valves, Brass Check Valves, Sanitary Check Valves
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